Thursday, May 9, 2019

Q734: What Are The 613 COMMANDMENTS of GOD?



The 613 Commandments (Hebrew: תרי"ג מצוות, taryag mitzvot, "613 mitzvot") is the TOTAL number of Commandments in the Torah. They include "POSITIVE Commandments," to perform an act (mitzvot aseh), and "NEGATIVE Commandments," to abstain from certain acts (mitzvot lo taaseh).

The NEGATIVE commandments are 365, which coincides with the number of days in the solar year. The POSITIVE commandments are 248, a number equivalent to the number of bones and main organs in the human body. Three types of negative commandments fall under the self-sacrificial principle yehareg ve'al ya'avor, meaning "One should let oneself be killed rather than violate it". These are murder, idolatry, and forbidden sexual relations.

The 613 Commandments are divided into three (3) general categories:
 
  1. Mishpatim.
  2. Edot. 
  3. Chukim.
Mishpatim ("laws") include commandments that are deemed to be self-evident, such as not to murder and not to steal. Edot ("testimonies") commemorate important events in Jewish history. For example, the Shabbat is said to testify to the story that God created the world in 6 days and rested on the 7th Day and declared it holy. Chukim ("decrees") are commandments with no known rationale, and are perceived as pure manifestations of the Divine will.

There are 26 commands that apply only within the Land of Israel. Furthermore, there are some time-related commandments from which women are exempt (examples include shofar, sukkah, lulav, tzitzit and tefillin). Some depend on the special status of a person in Judaism (such as kohanim), while others apply only to men or only to women.




The following are the 613 Commandments and the source of their derivation from the Hebrew Bible as enumerated by Maimonides

Canonical order


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